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The Rise and Fall of Abstraction

anon_goha said in #4752 1mo ago: received

https://www.overcomingbias.com/p/the-rise-and-fall-of-abstraction

I find Robin Hanson quite good. He has the ability to generate interesting, actually new thoughts, which is a skill that shouldn't be taken for granted these days. He speaks plainly and can cut through bullshit quickly as a result. Even in this tiny blog post, he gets straight to the heart of an issue that we discuss around here often:
> The biggest cultural event of the 20th century was World War II, and the one thing everyone agreed on afterward is that they were all now anti-Nazi. Intellectuals then framed the key Nazi mistake as “social Darwinism”; German military aggression, racism, and genocide were due to Germans seeing themselves as in a fierce competition with other peoples. (Never mind that Hitler didn’t believe in human evolution.) And soon afterward, many decided to choose “post-modernism”.
> So my guess is that Darwinism applied to humans was the key abstraction that elites saw as too threatening to their cherished ideals. A threat big enough to induce them to reject the till-then inspiring vision of finding an integrated abstract analysis of everything important. A vision toward which humanity was making rapid progress.

Darwinism applied to humans is, of course, also called eugenics. Whatever one's thoughts are on the topic, I have not before seen eugenics framed as the high-water mark of abstract reasoning. We typically frame and discuss it as a high-water mark of the 'one true philosophical tradition', especially as opposed to the 'modernism' that Hanson's framing places on the same ladder of 'abstraction'. In other words, I would like to hear opinions on what the actual intellectual tradition is that births eugenics/human darwinism/the law of selection.

To get things started, my opinion is mostly that of the yellow book. Namely, that eugenics is actually one of the oldest pieces of human knowledge, and is not derived so much from abstract reasoning as from "That which before us lies in daily life" which "Is the prime wisdom", to quote Milton. I think this is shown well anthropologically by the yellow book, e.g. Tutsis, Germanic tribes of Tacitus, Nuristanis, or even by Plutarch on Lycurgus. There are countless examples. Furthermore, I agree with the yellow book that because the law of selection is so 'obvious' or close to the naturally aristocratic mode of life, it's actually epistemologically prior to any sort of 'abstraction' that lies on the same thread as 'modernism'. Can anyone steelman Hanson's case?

referenced by: >>4753

I find Robin Hanson received

xenophon said in #4753 1mo ago: received

>>4752

Darwinism and eugenics are not synonyms. Darwinism is simply descriptive and applies to all species, including bacteria and fungi, whether or not anyone is intentionally trying to breed them. Eugenics refers to intentional breeding, which can take many forms.

The leading figure associated with what was later called "social Darwinism" was Herbert Spencer, who ironically did not draw much on Darwin, although he strongly espoused evolution, including human evolution. Spencer was once (~1870-1890) the most influential thinker in the Anglosphere. His popularity declined sharply after 1900, and he is esteemed now mainly in Austrian economic circles. His major work was A System of Synthetic Philosophy: https://praxeology.net/HS-SP.htm

Darwinism and eugeni received

jewishman said in #4754 1mo ago: received

I don't know Robin Hanson. I think, though, that what he seems to be doing here is restating in digestible terms components of a fairly old idea—that we experienced an epistemological crisis, that grand narratives disappeared, that scientific abstraction was shuffled off—but with a reductive explanation. Postmodernity arrives, in his account, not because of the conditions of liberal capitalism, or the experience of mechanized slaughter, or totalitarian catastrophes, and so on, but because of a unique, perhaps unwarranted taboo against social Darwinism. That's fine. It's reductive, but not false. I see what he's saying.

The difficult task is coming up with a way to resist postmodernity. I point out that this is old idea only because I think the theorists who wrote about these things over the past forty years sometimes had potent ideas about how to conceive of postmodernity and formulate an alternative. Yes, they were sidelined by perverted activists and braindead administrators. And most of them are dead. And nobody reads theory, as Robin Hanson points out. But we can save ourselves some work.

referenced by: >>4755

I don't know Robin H received

xenophon said in #4755 1mo ago: received

>>4754
> ... the theorists who wrote about these things over the past forty years sometimes had potent ideas ...

Who do you have in mind? Give us pointers to move the discussion forward with.

referenced by: >>4756

Who do you have in m received

jewishman said in #4756 1mo ago: received

>>4755
I thought my post already sounded bratty, so I didn't want to close it with a list of books... To be clear, I don't think you need to make reference to Jean-François Lyotard or Jürgen Habermas or Fredric Jameson to join a debate on postmodernity. But if you are interested enough to join the debate, maybe their work will be interesting.

I think it's good to read Lyotard and The Postmodern Condition (https://monoskop.org/images/e/e0/Lyotard_Jean-Francois_The_Postmodern_Condition_A_Report_on_Knowledge.pdf), which in 1979 was talking about how—to quote the foreword by Jameson—"...the older master narratives of legitimation no longer function in the service of scientific research—nor, by implication, anywhere else (e.g., we no longer believe in political or historical teleologies), how we understand progress)" (his foreword is good, even if he takes on Lyotard from a Marxist point-of-view), how knowledge was and is circulated, and how we might resurrect paralogical, local, provisional small narratives. If Lyotard's description seems correct, but his solutions harebrained or not particularly relevant, I recommend Bernard Stiegler's Taking Care of Youth and the Generations (https://commons.princeton.edu/eng574-s23/wp-content/uploads/sites/348/2023/02/Stiegler-Taking-Care-of-Youth-and-the-Generations-excerpts.pdf) or Symbolic Misery (a PDF didn't turn up quickly, but it's out there), who has a more thorough explanation of our technical and symbolic crises, with some ideas about, basically, rebuilding institutions and contributive, caring economies (anyone familiar with Stiegler could disagree with my lame summary).

From another direction, if you haven't read Habermas, a good place to begin is his essay on the idea of postmodernity as an irrational derailing of the project of modernity, which remains unfinished (https://mesbahian.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Habermas-and-the-Unfinished-Project-of-Modernity.pdf, a book of essays on it, but it's included up front). Habermas' critique proved to be more popular than Lyotard's. Now, both are read more in Chinese translation than English.

Obviously, there is another forty-five years of theoretical debates on postmodernity uncovered here, but these are good places to start.

I thought my post al received

anon_xope said in #4764 1mo ago: received

He's so close to the truth but mixes things up and gets the equation backwards (maybe intentionally?). "Social darwinism" and life (for humans and for everything else) as competition is not an "abstraction." It's the opposite. It's lived, biological, empirical truth, that requires no abstracting at all.

The reason why abstraction has "failed" since ww2 is because people slowly, unconsciously came to realize that it's bullshit. It's bullshit rationalization and sophistry trying to explain life and explain the world in terms of made-up abstract cope instead of the actual truth, which deep down inside everyone knows, and has always known.

The "activists" that he mentions eschew abstraction because 1. it's fucking stupid and cringe, but more importantly 2. it doesn't actually work. What works is action. The left has won since ww2 because they have taken action. They took over every institution and hall of power by people going out and acting.

Abstraction died on the left a long time ago. It's time for it to die on the right too, if we ever want to have any hope of winning. Enough with the theorycel coping. All that matters is acting in the real world. Organization, money, networking, power. Life is a struggle and no abstract circle-jerking can or will ever change that.

He's so close to the received

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